📐 The Science of Motion
🔍 Remember your observations:
The moving bus, falling leaf, and thrown ball. Now let's understand the science behind them.
1. Rest and Motion are Relative
Key Insight: An object is at rest if its position doesn't change with time relative to its surroundings.
📌 Connecting to Observation 1
- Relative to bus: You are at rest
- Relative to ground: You are in motion
- Relative to you: Trees appear to move backwards
🧠 Think Deeper:
Is anything absolutely at rest in the universe?
2. Distance vs Displacement
Distance = Total path length
Displacement = Shortest straight line
📌 Example
If you walk 5 m north then 5 m south:
- Distance = 10 m
- Displacement = 0 m
3. Speed vs Velocity
Speed = Distance / Time
Velocity = Displacement / Time
📌 Falling Leaf
- Speed changes
- Velocity changes direction
4. Acceleration
a = (v - u) / t
📌 Ball Thrown Up
- Velocity decreases going up
- Velocity increases coming down
- Gravity provides constant acceleration
5. Equations of Motion
v = u + at
s = ut + ½at²
v² = u² + 2as
🧠 Critical Thinking
Why do a feather and hammer fall together on the Moon but not on Earth?